สำรองข้อมูล appdata ของ Unraid โดยไม่ต้องหยุดคอนเทนเนอร์

#!/bin/bash
# what is on the pool, largest last, and how full the pool is
du -sh /mnt/cache/* 2>/dev/null | sort -h | tail -8
btrfs fi df /mnt/cache | grep -i "^Data"

#!/bin/bash
SHARE=downloads          # the share to move off the pool
# /mnt/user0 is the array without the cache overlay: same share, array tier
rsync -a --info=progress2 --remove-source-files "/mnt/cache/$SHARE/" "/mnt/user0/$SHARE/"
find "/mnt/cache/$SHARE" -type d -empty -delete
du -sh "/mnt/cache/$SHARE" 2>/dev/null || echo "cache copy gone"
du -sh "/mnt/user0/$SHARE"
echo "now set the share to Primary = Array, Secondary = None and Apply (nothing writing when you click)"

#!/bin/bash
btrfs subvolume show /mnt/cache/appdata 2>&1 | head -3
echo "--- size of appdata (step 2 needs this much free on the pool):"
du -sh /mnt/cache/appdata
echo "--- pool:"
btrfs fi df /mnt/cache | grep -i "^Data"

#!/bin/bash
set -u
POOL=/mnt/cache
echo "$(date '+%T') stopping Docker"
/etc/rc.d/rc.docker stop
if btrfs subvolume show "$POOL/appdata" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
  echo "appdata is already a subvolume; starting Docker and stopping here"; /etc/rc.d/rc.docker start; exit 0
fi
echo "$(date '+%T') size: $(du -sh "$POOL/appdata" | cut -f1)"
mv "$POOL/appdata" "$POOL/appdata.old" || exit 1
btrfs subvolume create "$POOL/appdata" || exit 1
echo "$(date '+%T') copying (this is the long part)"
cp -a "$POOL/appdata.old/." "$POOL/appdata/" 2> /root/appdata-convert.log
echo "$(date '+%T') copy done; cp errors: $(wc -l < /root/appdata-convert.log)  (expect 0)"
btrfs subvolume show "$POOL/appdata" | head -2
echo "$(date '+%T') comparing old and new (dangling symlinks and sockets are expected noise)"
diff -qr "$POOL/appdata.old" "$POOL/appdata" > /root/appdata-diff.txt 2>&1
echo "diff lines: $(wc -l < /root/appdata-diff.txt)   of which 'No such file' (symlinks): $(grep -c 'No such file or directory' /root/appdata-diff.txt)"
echo "--- lines that are NOT symlink or socket noise (a real difference would show here):"
grep -vE "No such file or directory|is a socket" /root/appdata-diff.txt | head -10
echo "$(date '+%T') starting Docker"
/etc/rc.d/rc.docker start
echo "done. Check the containers; delete $POOL/appdata.old tomorrow (User Script: appdata-cleanup)."

#!/bin/bash
rm -rf /mnt/cache/appdata.old && echo "appdata.old removed"
btrfs fi df /mnt/cache | grep -i "^Data"

#!/bin/bash
#description=Appdata.Backup PRE-run hook: pause running containers, read-only Btrfs snapshot of appdata beside it, unpause. Called by the plugin; do not schedule.
SNAP=/mnt/cache/.snapshots/appdata-backup
LIST=/mnt/cache/.snapshots/paused.list
mkdir -p /mnt/cache/.snapshots
btrfs subvolume delete "$SNAP" 2>/dev/null

# only containers that are running now; one you paused on purpose stays as it is
RUNNING=$(docker ps -q --filter status=running)
echo "$RUNNING" > "$LIST"
unpause() { [ -n "$RUNNING" ] && docker unpause $RUNNING >/dev/null 2>&1; rm -f "$LIST"; }
trap unpause EXIT          # whatever happens below, they come back

t0=$(date +%s%3N)
[ -n "$RUNNING" ] && docker pause $RUNNING >/dev/null
sync -f /mnt/cache
btrfs subvolume snapshot -r /mnt/cache/appdata "$SNAP"
rc=$?
unpause; trap - EXIT
msg="paused $(echo $RUNNING | wc -w) containers for $(( $(date +%s%3N) - t0 )) ms; snapshot rc=$rc"
echo "$msg"; logger -t appdata-snap-pre "$msg"   # the plugin discards hook output: the system log keeps it
exit $rc

#!/bin/bash
#description=Appdata.Backup POST-run hook: one <container>.tar.zst per top-level appdata folder, from the snapshot, into the run's folder; then delete the snapshot. Called by the plugin with the destination as $2; do not schedule.
SNAP=/mnt/cache/.snapshots/appdata-backup
# belt and braces: if the pre hook was ever killed mid-pause, release exactly what it paused
LIST=/mnt/cache/.snapshots/paused.list
[ -s "$LIST" ] && docker unpause $(cat "$LIST") >/dev/null 2>&1; rm -f "$LIST"
DEST="${2:-}"                                  # the plugin passes: post-run <destination> <success>
OUT="$DEST/containers"
if [ -z "$DEST" ] || [ ! -d "$DEST" ]; then echo "no destination given; snapshot left in place"; exit 1; fi
if [ ! -d "$SNAP" ]; then echo "no snapshot at $SNAP"; exit 1; fi
mkdir -p "$OUT"
fail=0; n=0
for d in "$SNAP"/*/; do
  name=$(basename "$d")
  if tar -I 'zstd -T0 -3' -cf "$OUT/$name.tar.zst" -C "$SNAP" "$name"; then n=$((n+1)); else fail=1; echo "FAILED: $name"; fi
done
{ echo "per-container archives $(date '+%F %T')"; ls -la "$OUT"; } > "$OUT/MANIFEST.txt"
btrfs subvolume delete "$SNAP"
echo "archived $n folders to $OUT (failures: $fail)"
logger -t appdata-snap-post "archived $n folders to $OUT (failures: $fail)"   # the plugin discards hook output: the system log keeps it
if [ "$fail" = 1 ]; then
  /usr/local/emhttp/webGui/scripts/notify -e "Appdata backup" -s "per-container archives: failures" -d "see $OUT/MANIFEST.txt" -i alert
  exit 1
fi

#!/bin/bash
S=/boot/config/plugins/user.scripts/scripts
W=/mnt/cache/appdata/appdata.backup-scripts
mkdir -p "$W"
for h in pre post; do
  [ -f "$S/appdata-snap-$h/script" ] || { echo "User Script appdata-snap-$h not found — create it first"; exit 1; }
  printf '#!/bin/bash\nexec bash %s "$@"\n' "$S/appdata-snap-$h/script" > "$W/appdata-snap-$h.sh"
  chmod 755 "$W/appdata-snap-$h.sh"
done
ls -la "$W"
echo "wrappers ready: $W/appdata-snap-pre.sh and appdata-snap-post.sh"

#!/bin/bash
# dress rehearsal into a scratch folder: snapshot, one archive per container, snapshot deleted
W=/mnt/cache/appdata/appdata.backup-scripts
mkdir -p /mnt/user/backups/ab_test
"$W/appdata-snap-pre.sh" && "$W/appdata-snap-post.sh" post-run /mnt/user/backups/ab_test true
ls -la /mnt/user/backups/ab_test/containers | head
echo "now open one small archive in ab_test/containers with Zip Manager: it must extract to a <name>/ folder. Then delete /mnt/user/backups/ab_test in the file manager."

[08:30:01][Main] Executing script '/mnt/cache/appdata/appdata.backup-scripts/appdata-snap-pre.sh' 'pre-run' ...
[08:30:04][Main] Script executed!                        (pause + snapshot + unpause: three seconds)
[08:30:04][Main] Backing up from: /mnt/cache/.snapshots/appdata-backup
[08:31:06][Main] Auto-Update for 'jellyfin' is enabled but no update is available.
   ... one such line per container ...
[08:31:06][jellyfin] Stopping jellyfin... NOT stopping jellyfin because it should be backed up WITHOUT stopping!
   ... one such line per running container ...
[08:31:06][jellyfin] jellyfin does not have any volume to back up! Skipping. Please consider ignoring this container.
   ... one such warning per container: expected, the source is the snapshot, not the live folder ...
[08:31:06][Main] Backing up the flash drive.
[08:33:31][Main] VM meta backup enabled! Backing up...
[08:33:31][Main] Checking retention...
[08:33:31][Main] Delete old backup: /mnt/user/backups/ab_20260916_083001
[08:33:31][Main] DONE! Thanks for using this plugin and have a safe day ;)
[08:33:32][Main] Executing script '/mnt/cache/appdata/appdata.backup-scripts/appdata-snap-post.sh' 'post-run' ...
[08:56:15][Main] Script executed!                        (the archives are finished here, not at DONE)

appdata-snap-pre: paused 40 containers for <n> ms; snapshot rc=0          (a few hundred to a couple of thousand ms)
appdata-snap-post: archived 47 folders to /mnt/user/backups/ab_20260924_083001/containers (failures: 0)

#!/bin/bash
NAME=sonarr
DATE=20260919_083002
mv "/mnt/cache/appdata/$NAME" "/mnt/cache/appdata/$NAME.broken"
tar --zstd -xf "/mnt/user/backups/ab_$DATE/containers/$NAME.tar.zst" -C /mnt/cache/appdata
ls -la "/mnt/cache/appdata/$NAME" | head
echo "start the container; delete $NAME.broken once it is proven"